CRITICAL PERIODS FOR FAT GAIN AND RELAPSE
Summary of main points.
• There are a number of critical periods throughout life where gains and losses in body fat and body weight are likely to occur.
• Some of these are due to physiological causes, others to behaviour and/or periods of high stress, crisis or grief.
• Awareness of critical stages and actions that can be taken to resolve these may help prevent or reduce increases in body fatness.
Although the causes of obesity and overfatness are multi-factorial, the problem may be exacerbated at certain critical’ periods in life. These are generally associated with change, either in lifestyle, as a result of crises or increased levels of stress, or due to the natural physiological changes that occur with ageing. As some psychologists have pointed out, change is often associated with increased stress levels, even in some cases where these changes are positive. Stress, in turn, can be crucial for either increasing or decreasing body fat depending on the circumstances. There are periods that predominantly affect either males or females and others that are less gender specific. Some are potentially avoidable and others are an unavoidable function of the ongoing processes of growth and change. An awareness of at least some of these critical periods and the potential means of alleviating their effects is crucial to an understanding of long term body fat maintenance. Although the scientific evidence on some of the periods is limited, practical suggestions based on experience are discussed for each period.
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